[PortoSantoLichens]

Pictures of
PORTO SANTO lichens
and lichenicolous fungi

List of species / Notes

by H. Sipman, A. Aptroot...
last updated:
14 August 2019, 12 April 2021
Zschackia 10		 [bgbm-Logo]

 

[Caloplaca aegatica]
mixed Caloplaca (s.l.) species (photo M. Vervoort); click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca aegatica Giralt, Nimis & Poelt  (syn. Ikaeria aurantiellina (Harm.) S.Y. Kondr., Upreti & Hur) - Epiphytic. An eumediterranean species similar to the temperate to submediterranean C. ferruginea (Huds.) Th. Fr., but with black pycnidia. Also, the apothecium margin is paler than the disc.
[Caloplaca aegatica] [Caloplaca aegatica]
(Sipman 62969a); click for enlargement. (Sipman 62969a); click for enlargement.
[Caloplaca aegatica]
(Aptroot 74584); click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca cf. arenaria (syn. Rufoplaca arenaria (Pers.) Arup, Sřchting & Frödén) - On volcanic rock. Externally similar to Caloplaca arenaria, but the spores differ, ca. 12 x 7 mu, septum ca. 5 mu thick, and the thallus is more developed.
[Caloplaca arenaria]
(Sipman 62850); click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca cerinelloides (Erichsen) Poelt - Epiphytic.
[Caloplaca cerinelloides]
(Aptroot 74840a); click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca citrina (Hoffm.) Th. Fr. - Epiphytic.
[Caloplaca citrina]
(Aptroot 73684); click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca crenularia (With.) J.R. Laundon (syn. Blastenia crenularia (With.) Arup, Sřchting & Frödén) - On volcanic rock.
[Caloplaca crenularia] [Caloplaca crenularia]
(Sipman 62820); click for enlargement. (Sipman 62850); click for enlargement.
[Caloplaca crenularia] [Caloplaca crenularia]
(Sipman 62942); click for enlargement. (Sipman 63001); click for enlargement.
[Caloplaca crenularia] [Caloplaca crenularia]
(Sipman 63022); click for enlargement. (Aptroot 74789); click for enlargement.
[Caloplaca crenularia]
(photo M. Vervoort) epiphytic thallus on Euphorbia sp.; click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca dichroa Arup - On vulcanic rock.
[Caloplaca dichroa]
(Aptroot 74759); click for enlargement.
[Caloplaca dichroa] [Caloplaca dichroa]
(Sipman 62907); click for enlargement. (Sipman 62907), higher magnification showing incurved areole margins with soredia on the lower side; click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca diphyodes (Nyl.) Jatta - On vulcanic rock.
[Caloplaca diphyodes]
(Aptroot 74815); click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca cf. dolomiticola (Hue) Zahlbr. - On vulcanic rock. The interpretation of the name Caloplaca dolomiticola seems unclear, and so is the identity of our material. It seems to fit in Flavoplaca according to ITS sequences.
[Caloplaca dolomiticola] [Caloplaca dolomiticola]
(Aptroot 74691); click for enlargement. (Sipman 62766); click for enlargement.
[Caloplaca dolomiticola] [Caloplaca dolomiticola]
(Sipman 63006); click for enlargement. (Sipman 62839); click for enlargement.
[Caloplaca maritima] [Caloplaca maritima]
(Sipman 63013); click for enlargement. (Sipman 63030); click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca erythrocarpa (Pers.) Zwackh - On volcanic rock.
[Caloplaca erythrocarpa] [Caloplaca erythrocarpa]
(Sipman 63006); click for enlargement. (Aptroot 74814); click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca cf. erythrocarpa - On volcanic rock. Identification uncertain. Specimens deviate by a kind of yellowish crenulate, not whitish rim on the underside of the apothecia.
[Caloplaca cf. erythrocarpa]
(Sipman 63013); click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca flavocitrina (Nyl.) H. Olivier - On rock.
[Caloplaca flavocitrina]
(Aptroot 74686); click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca flavovirescens (Wulfen) Dalla Torre & Sarnth. - On volcanic rock. Provisional identifications. Specimen 63040 is on bark, but its ITS links it to 63007. Specimen 62766 appears unrelated by ITS and is of unclear affinity.
[Caloplaca flavovirescens] [Caloplaca flavovirescens]
(Sipman 62766); click for enlargement. (Sipman 63007); click for enlargement.
[Caloplaca flavovirescens] [Caloplaca flavorubescens]
(Aptroot 74688); click for enlargement. (Sipman 63040); click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca fuerteventurae Van den Boom & Etayo - Confused before with Caloplaca flavescens (Huds.) J.R. Laundon. On volcanic rock. The species shows some resemblance to C. flavescens but the ITS sequence fits C. fuerteventurae and it grows on non-calcareous lava.
[Caloplaca flavescens] [Caloplaca flavescens]
(Sipman 62863); click for enlargement. (Aptroot 74828); click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca cf. fuscoatroides - On volcanic rock. Resembles C. neotaurica and shares the C+ red reaction of the apothecia, but differs by the thicker thallus and small, rusty orange apothecia with thin margin. Perhaps same as Caloplaca sp. (black thallus)? ITS supports a slight, not close afinity with C. fuscoatroides and C. neotaurica.
[Caloplaca fuscoatroides]
(Sipman 63023); click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca holocarpa (Hoffm.) A.E. Wade - On rock. Identification provisional.
[Caloplaca holocarpa]
(Aptroot 74791a); click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca marmorata (Bagl.) Jatta - On rock.
[Caloplaca marmorata]
(Aptroot 74796); click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca neotaurica Vondrák, Khodos., Arup & Sřchting - On volcanic rock and stony soil. The ITS sequences do not fit well.
[Caloplaca neotaurica] [Caloplaca neotaurica]
(Sipman 62842); click for enlargement. (Sipman 62839); click for enlargement.
[Caloplaca neotaurica] [Caloplaca neotaurica]
(Sipman 63006); click for enlargement. (Sipman 63005); click for enlargement.
[Caloplaca neotaurica] [Caloplaca neotaurica]
(Sipman 62907) deviating form with thick apothecium margins, reminding C. erythrocarpa (ITS failed); click for enlargement. (photo M. Vervoort) on soil with Epiphloea terrena (left); click for enlargement.
[Caloplaca sp.] [Caloplaca sp.]
(Sipman 62999a); click for enlargement. (Sipman 62999a) enlarged; click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca ora? - On volcanic rock. Identification uncertain, looks like a deminutive of C. fuerteventurae. ITS suggests an affinity with C. subsoluta (genus Squamulea).
[Caloplaca ora?]
(Sipman 63005); click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca sorediella Arup (syn. Haloplaca sorediella (Arup) Arup, Frödén & Sřchting) - Epiphytic on twigs. The species reminds C. phlogina and C. chrysophthalma Degel. by being a largely sorediate yellow crust, but differs by the tiny, delimited, rounded and somewhat excavate soralia with fine soredia instead of coarse, scattered soredia. Recognized by the 99% similarity of its ITS sequence. In oceanic Europe mainly found on rock.
[Caloplaca sorediella] [Caloplaca sorediella]
(Sipman 63041); click for enlargement. (Sipman 63041), with apothecia that possibly belong to the sorediate thallus; click for enlargement.
[Caloplaca sorediella]
(Aptroot 74845); click for enlargement.
 
Ikaeria serusiauxii Sipman - Confused before with Caloplaca cerina and in the new taxonomy of Caloplaca belonging to the genus Ikaeria. The commonest epiphytic Caloplaca, resembling C. cerina, but not fitting into one of the currently known groups A-D, and the spores have a very thick septum and small lumina. The black margins are most pronounced in full light, in shade the margins are more greenish grey. The species resembles C. leptozona (Nyl.) Zahlbr. from the Antilles, but that species is saxicolous and its spores have septa about half es thick as the spore length. Also seen from Madeira island.
[Caloplaca BlackMargin] [Caloplaca BlackMargin]
(Sipman 62798); click for enlargement. (Sipman 62802); click for enlargement.
[Caloplaca BlackMargin] [Caloplaca BlackMargin]
(Sipman 62957); click for enlargement. (Sipman 62971); click for enlargement.
[Caloplaca BlackMargin] [Caloplaca BlackMargin]
(Aptroot 74596) shade form with scarce black pigment; click for enlargement. (Aptroot 74586); click for enlargement.
[Caloplaca BlackMargin]
(photo M. Vervoort) on Euphorbia shrubs; click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca subsoluta (Nyl.) Zahlbr. - On volcanic rock.
[Caloplaca subsoluta] [Caloplaca subsoluta]
(Sipman 62884); click for enlargement. (Aptroot 74799a); click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca cf. subsoluta pale - ITS suggests a closer affinity to C. communis (Flavoplaca) than to Squamulea.
[Caloplaca subsolutaPale] [Caloplaca subsolutaPale]
(Sipman 62907); click for enlargement. (Sipman 63033); click for enlargement.
[Caloplaca subsolutaPale]
(Aptroot 74827); click for enlargement.
 
Caloplaca sp. (BlackThallus) - On volcanic rock. Forming large, black patches on the cliffs, reminiscent of Verrucaria nigrescens. ITS suggests an affinity to C. fuscoatroides.
[Caloplaca BlackThallus]
(Sipman 63023a); click for enlargement.
 
Candelariella vitellina (Hoffm.) Müll. Arg. - On volcanic rock.
[Candelariella vitellina] [Candelariella vitellina]
(Sipman 62864); click for enlargement. (Sipman 62864); click for enlargement.
 
Catillaria atomarioides (Müll. Arg.) H. Kilias - On volcanic rock.
[Catillaria atomarioides]
(Aptroot 74708); click for enlargement.
 
Catillaria chalybeia (Borrer) A. Massal. var. chalybeia - On volcanic rock.
[Catillaria chalybeia]
(Sipman 63028); click for enlargement.
 
Catillaria mediterranea Hafellner - On Ramalina crispatula on volcanic rock.
[Catillaria mediterranea]
(Follmann s.n. B 60 0200950); click for enlargement.
 
Catillaria minuta (Schaer.) Lettau - On rock.
[Catillaria minuta] [Catillaria minuta]
(Aptroot 74779); click for enlargement. (photo M. Vervoort); click for enlargement.
[Catillaria minuta]
(photo M. Vervoort); click for enlargement.
 
Chaenotheca furfuracea (L.) Tibell - Epiphytic and on soil.
[Chaenotheca furfuracea]
(Aptroot 73607); click for enlargement.
 
Circinaria contorta (Hoffm.) A. Nordin, Savić & Tibell - On volcanic rock. Identification provisional.
[Circinaria contorta] [Circinaria contorta]
(Aptroot 74774a); click for enlargement. (photo M. Vervoort); click for enlargement.
[Circinaria calcarea]
(Aptroot 74610); click for enlargement.
 
Cladonia dimorpha S. Hammer - On soil. TLC: fumarprotocetraric acid. The characteristic, branched apothecium stalks are not present in this tiny specimen.
[Cladonia dimorpha]
(Sipman 62856); click for enlargement.
 
Cladonia humilis (With.) J.R. Laundon - On soil of bank of path. TLC: atranorin, fumarprotocetraric acid (2 specimens tested).
[Cladonia humilis]
(Sipman 62779); click for enlargement.
 
Cladonia macilenta Hoffm. - On soil of bank of path.
[Cladonia macilenta]
(Aptroot 74579); click for enlargement.
 
Cladonia microphylla Ahti & Aptroot - On soil of bank of path. TLC: fumarprotocetraric acid.
[Cladonia microphylla] [Cladonia microphylla]
(Sipman 62816); click for enlargement. (photo M. Vervoort); click for enlargement.
 
Cladonia peziziformis (With.) J.R. Laundon - On soil of bank of path. TLC: fumarprotocetraric acid. The specimen looks diseased because the squamules are not flat.
[Cladonia peziziformis]
(Sipman 62814); click for enlargement.
 
Cladonia ramulosa (With.) J.R. Laundon - On soil.
[Cladonia ramulosa]
(Sipman 62778); click for enlargement.
 
Cladonia rangiformis Hoffm. - On soil. TLC: atranorin, rangiformic, tr. fumarprotocetraric acids (1 specimen tested).
[Cladonia rangiformis] [Cladonia rangiformis]
(Sipman 62778); click for enlargement. (photo M. Vervoort); click for enlargement.
 
Cladonia stereoclada (Taylor) Mudd - On soil.
[Cladonia stereoclada]
(Sipman 62889); click for enlargement.
 
Clavascidium lacinulatum (Ach.) M. Prieto (= Placidium lacinulatum (Ach.) Breuss) - On soil.
[Placidium lacinulatum]
(Aptroot 74761); click for enlargement.
 
Cliostomum griffithii (Sm.) Coppins - Epiphytic, mainly on twigs. The apothecium color is very variable, almost from pure white to pure black, but always somewhat white-pruinose
[Cliostomum griffithii] [Cliostomum griffithii]
(Sipman 62780); click for enlargement. (Sipman 62788); click for enlargement.
[Cliostomum griffithii]
(Sipman 62793); click for enlargement.
 
Coccocarpia erythroxyli (Spreng.) Swinscow & Krog - .
[Coccocarpia erythroxyli]
(Aptroot 74723); click for enlargement.
 
Coenogonium luteum (Dicks.) Kalb & Lücking -
[Coenogonium luteum]
(Aptroot 74595); click for enlargement.
 
Collema ryssoleum (Tuck.) A. Schneider - On rocky soil.
[Collema ryssoleum] [Collema ryssoleum]
(Sipman 62771); click for enlargement. (Sipman 62943); click for enlargement.
[Collema ryssoleum]
(photo M. Vervoort); click for enlargement.
 
Collemopsidium caesium (Nyl.) Coppins & Aptroot - On rock.
[Collemopsidium caesium] [Collemopsidium caesium]
(Aptroot 74850); click for enlargement. (Aptroot 74850); click for enlargement.
[Collemopsidium caesium]
(Aptroot 74850) hymenium with paraphyses and ascospores; click for enlargement.
 
Cresponea premnea (Ach.) Egea & Torrente - Epiphytic on trunk.
[Cresponea premnea]
(Sipman 62809); click for enlargement.
 
Crocodia aurata (Ach.) Link - Epiphytic.
[Crocodia aurata] [Crocodia aurata]
(Sipman 62869); click for enlargement. (photo M. Vervoort); click for enlargement.
[Crocodia aurata]
mixed Caloplaca (s.l.) species (photo M. Vervoort); click for enlargement.
 
Cryptothele sp.? - On volcanic rock.
[Cryptothele ?]
(Sipman 62915); click for enlargement.
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